Seventh century Jerusalem was a Christian city, home to vast churches and ruled by the Byzantine Patriarch Sophronius. Legend tells that when a Muslim army led by Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab besieged Jerusalem, Sophronius would surrender only to Umar himself. The Caliph was exceptionally pious Muslim who lived by ascetic values and did not array himself in finery, not even to celebrate his victory. His conquest of Jerusalem was relatively bloodless—once Sophronius surrendered, no one else was killed.
Umar bade Sophronius show him the site of the Jews’ Holy Temple, which the Muslims held in reverence. Mohammed, the founder of Islam, had viewed Judaism and Christianity as religions that stemmed from true revelations: thus Muslims respected the Bible and regarded Jesus as a true prophet. Muslims further believed that they themselves were the children of Ishmael, Abraham’s eldest son, and that Islam emulated the faith practiced by Abraham himself.
When Umar saw the devastation of the Temple site, and the garbage that had been dumped there by the Byzantines, he was horrified. He made it his mission to clear away the debris and establish the area as a revered site. Umar built a simple mosque on the southern end of the platform that Herod had built, where Muslims could pray facing Mecca, Islam’s holiest city.
Later successors of Umar built the Dome of the Rock and the Al Aqsa mosque, which tower above the city from their high vantage point of the Temple Mount. Over time, Muslims came to believe that the Temple Mount was the focal point of Mohammed’s Night Journey, which is recounted in the Koran. The present belief is that the angel Gabriel carried Mohammed on a winged horse from Arabia to the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, where Mohammed was greeted by prophets. From there, the tale is that Mohammed ascended the seven levels of heaven and met the Biblical denizens who reside there.
Muslim rule in Jerusalem held strong until the Crusades, when Christian armies descended upon Jerusalem to lay claim to the Holy City once again.
למעלה מ-2000 כתבות והמלצות
חברת התיירות "סמארט תור" מתחדשת במתחם משודרג להשכרת אופניים ממגוון...
המקום הטוב ביותר לחוות את הקסם של ירושלים, את ההיסטוריה והייחודיות...
רק במזרח התיכון יכול גרגר החומוס הקטן לעלות לדרגת מלך הקטניות. בעוד...
המקום הטוב ביותר לחוות את הקסם של ירושלים, את ההיסטוריה והייחודיות...
יש ימים שכל מה שרוצים לעשות זה להישאר בין הסדינים, לשבת על ארוחת בוקר...
באופן תיאורטי זה אפשרי לבקר בירושלים מבלי ללכת לעיר העתיקה, אבל אם...
הצבא צועד על קיבתו, אבל הירושלמי לא צועד בכלל לפני שהוא טועם משהו...
רק במזרח התיכון יכול גרגר החומוס הקטן לעלות לדרגת מלך הקטניות. בעוד...
ירושלים היא מעל לכל עיר של רוחניות ותרבות כיאה לבירת ישראל, ועל כן התייר...
לא נמצאו תוצאות להצגה
|
Text text text
|
||
